Caedwalla (c. 659–April 20, 689) was the King of Wessex from 685 until 688. During his brief reign, he conquered much of southeast England.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceadwalla_of_Wessex

[Mercia's] first prominent appearance in English history may be dated in the year 633, when the Mercian prince Penda joined the Welsh king Ceadwalla in overthrowing Edwin.

http://58.1911encyclopedia.org/M/ME/MERCIA.htm

Oswald, king of Northumbria, was one of the sons of Aethelfrith and was expelled from Northumbria on the accession of Edwin, though he himself was a son of Edwin's sister Acha. He appears to have spent some of his exile in Iona (in the Hebrides), where he was instructed in the principles of Christianity. In 634 he defeated and slew the British king Ceadwalla at a place called by Bede "Denisesburn", near Hefenfelth, which has been identified with St. Oswald's Cocklaw, near Chollerford, Northumberland.

http://www.nndb.com/people/335/000104023/

Historical evidence and place-names point in addition to the existence of a third pattern in the south - wholly British enclaves - for instance in the Chilterns and in places such as Walcot and Wallingford (derived from the Old English word wealh for `foreigner', indicating Britons).
The appearance of Celtic names in the Wessex royal house (for instance, the 7th century king Ceadwalla) suggests that the elite too became mixed.

http://www.britarch.ac.uk/ba/ba10/ba10feat.html

Oswald son of Ethelfrid, reigned nine years; the same is Oswald Llauiguin;[1] he slew Catgublaun (Cadwalla),[2] king of Guenedot,[3] in the battle of Catscaul,[4] with much loss to his own army. Oswy, son of Ethelfrid, reigned twenty-eight years and six months. During his reign, there was a dreadful mortality among his subjects, when Catgualart (Cadwallader) was king among the Britons, succeeding his father, and he himself died amongst the rest.[5] He slew Penda in the field of Gai, and now took place the slaughter of Gai Campi, and the kings of the Britons, who went out with Penda on the expedition as far as the city of Judeu, were slain.
[1] Llauiguin, means the "fair," or the "bounteous hand."
[2] This name has been variously written; Bede spells it Caedualla (Cadwalla); Nennius, Catgublaun; the Saxon Chronicle, Ceadwalla; and the Welsh writers, Cadwallon and Kalwallawn: and though the identity of the person may be clearly proved, it is necessary to observe these particulars to distinguish him from Cadwaladr, and from another Caedualla or Caedwalla, a king of the West Saxons; all of whom, as they lived within a short time of each other, have been frequently confounded together.--Rees's Welsh Saints.
[3] Gwynedd, North Wales.
[4] Bede says at Denis's brook.
[5] The British chronicles assert that Cadwallader died at Rome, whilst Nennius would lead us to conclude that he perished in the pestilence at home.

http://www.postroman.info/nennius/historia_brittonum16.htm

Because the Saxons were Christian this naturally did not mean they were pacifists. Ceadwalla, King of Wessex from 685 to 688, the predecessor of King Ine, benefactor of Glastonbury Abbey, exterminated the total population of the Isle of Wight with the full backing of St Wilfrid, in that those put to the sword were Jutish pagans and were to be replaced by Christian Saxons.

http://www.isleofavalon.co.uk/history/pennick.html

Cadwalladr 1
Cadwaladr, King of Meirionydd (born c.460 or 475)
(Latin-Catuvelladurus, English-Cadwallader)

The Kings of Meirionydd, THE HOUSE OF CUNEDDA [1a]

Meirchion Meirionydd, King of Meirionydd (Latin-Marcianus, English-Mark) [1b]
Meirchion was the son of Cunedda Wledig's eldest boy, Typipion who had died some years prior to Cunedda's migration south from Manau Gododdin, so it was left to Meirchion to take his father's place in fighting the invading Irish. He killed their leader, Beli mac Benlli Gawr (the Giant), and drove them from North Wales. As a reward, his grandfather handed over to him the area that became known as Meirionydd in his honour. Meirchion ruled wisely for many years and had three sons: Cadwaladr, Cadwallon & Bleiddud. The dynasty continued under the shadow of Gwynedd for several centuries:

Cadwaladr, King of Meirionydd (Latin-Catuvelladurus, English-Cadwallader) [1]
Nothing is known of King Meirchion's son, Cadwaladr, but he was a contemporary of King Arthur, living in the late 5th century. August Hunt [11] theorizes that the two are identical since Cadwaladr means "Battle-Leader," a name possibly rendered into Latin as the title used by Nennius for Arthur, Dux Bellorum. [1c]. He died fighting an unidentified chieftain named Medraut.

Cadwalladr 2
St. Cadwaladr Fendigaid, King of Gwynedd (c.630-664)
(Latin, Catuvelladurus/English, Cadwallader)

633 The British, under King Cadwallon of Gwynedd, meet the Northumbrians in the Battle of Hatfield Chase. King Edwin of Deira is killed in the fighting and Cadwallon is victorious. Cadwallon is later besieged at York by Edwin's cousin and successor, Osric. The former is again victorious.
634 King Cadwallon of Gwynedd slays both Kings Eanfrith of Bernicia and Osric of Deira rather than negotiate peace with them. Eanfrith's half-brother, Oswald succeeds to a united Northumbria. He gathers a force and clashes with King Cadwallon of Gwynedd at the Battle of Heavenfield. Cadwallon is killed and Oswald victorious. Cadafael Cadomedd usurps the Gwynedd throne and ousts Prince Cadwaladr. Civil War ensues in the kingdom.
688 King Cadwaladr Fendigaid of Gwynedd dies on a pilgrimage to Rome.

St. Cadwaladr Fendigaid, King of Gwynedd (c.630-664 or 688)
St Cadwaladr Fendigaid

King Cadwaladr the Blessed was the last monarch to have any semblance of authority of the other Celtic Kings of Britain. He appears to have helped Penda of Mercia carry on his father Cadwallon's fight against the Northumbrians, though it is uncertain whether his men were present at King Oswald's final defeat at the Battle of Maes Cogwy (Oswestry) in 642. Tradition says he was ill for much of his reign, during which time, a Civil War broke out in Britain. This was not helped by a widespread famine, followed by a plague, that swept through the country at the same time. It is possible that Cadwaladr died of this plague in 664, but another theory has him fleeing to Brittany, where he accepted the hospitality of King Alain Hir (the Tall). Many years later, when the natural disasters abated, Cadwaladr sent his son, Ifwr, back to Britain to secure the Royal throne, while he went on a pilgrimage to Rome. He died there in 688. His body was brought back to Wales and buried in his church of Llangadwaladr on Ynys Mon Anglesey). [1g]

The Blayney connection to this King Cadwaladr is not by direct ancestry, as far as I can tell. Afandreg Ddu (daughter of Cynan Garwyn ap Brochfael, "White Shanks", King of Powys and direct ancestor of the Blayneys) married Cadfan ap Iago and they begat Cadwallon ap Cadfan, father of Cadwaladr the Blessed. See descendancy where another connection is shown, namely six generations later, Cadwaladr's descendant Merfyn Frych "the Freckled" King of Powys marries the Nest (742-770), daughter of the Blayney ancestor Cadell ap Brochwel King of Powys.

664 The death of Cadwaladr marked the end of any hopes of the Britons regaining their ancient kingdoms on the mainland. Cadwaladr was the son of Cadwallon of Gwynedd, whose intention, according to historian Bede, had been to exterminate the English race. The death of Cadwaladr in Rome is the starting point of the Brut y Tywysogyon, the chronicle of the Welsh princes. The author of the "Brut" stated "And from that time onwards the Britons lost the crown of the kingdom and the Saxons won it." It was apparent that it was all over for Cadwaladr as "King of the Britons" before he even started his reign. REFERENCE: 48 Kings & Queens of Britain, p 226; Buell001.zip

Cadwaladr as Arthur

There is a Blayney claim of descent from "King Cadwalladers of Cambria" and I have identified two Welsh Kings named Cadwallader (Cadwaladr) who could also fit the role of Arthur (Cadwaladr ap Meirchion and Cadwaladr ap Cadwallon:

Cadwaladr ap Meirchion, King of Meirionydd b.460

Nothing is known of King Meirchion Meirionydd's son, Cadwaladr, but he was a contemporary of King Arthur, living in the late 5th century. August Hunt and [11], theorizes that the two are identical since Cadwaladr means "Battle-Leader," a name possibly rendered into Latin as the title used for Arthur by Nennius, Dux Bellorum.

According to August Hunt, this Cadwaladr has the right name, is at the right place and at the right time. He was not familiar with any other candidate for Arthur who fulfills these three conditions.

Counter arguements to Cadwaladr being Arthur are listed by Mick Baker 11

Cadwaladr ap Cadwallon, King of Gwynedd (~630-664)

St. Cadwaladr Fendigaid, King of Gwynedd (c.630-664) son of Cadwallon was never a contender as the true King Arthur (born 114 years after Baden Hill and 93 years after the generally accepted death of Arthur), but he was "twenty-sith in line from Joseph of Arimathea" [13] and was considered the last Pendragon. It would be over 800 years before the Welsh would re-take the throne of Britain when in 1485 the Red Dragon of Cadwaladr was carried by Henry Tudor in his defeat of Richard III in 1485.

Cadwallon ap Cadfan, King of Gwynedd was killed in battle late around 633 or 634 by Oswald, brother of Eanfrith. Cadwallon was known for killing Edwin of Northumbria at the battle of Meigen (Hatfield near Doncaster) in 632. In 633, he killed Edwin's successors, Osric of Deria and Eanfrith of Bernicia. The Venerable Bede declared that it was Cadwallon's intention to exterminate the English race.

Cadwallon married a daughter of Pebba who was a sister of Penda, King of Mercia, Cadwallon's ally. Penda carried on the warring with Northumbria after Cadwallon's death, killing Oswald in the battle of Cogwy (Oswestry) in 641. Penda was later killed by Oswy, brother of Oswald in the battle of Cai (Winwaed) in 654!

http://www.keithblayney.com/Blayney/Cadwallader.html

Cadwaladr ap Cadwallon (c. 633–682, reigned from c. 655) (Latin: Catuvelladurus; English: Cadwallader), also known as Cadwaladr Fendigaid ('the Blessed') was a king of Gwynedd. Welsh chroniclers consider him to be one the greatest British kings to have ever lived, Geoffrey of Monmouth included him in his Historia Regum Britanniae (vii,3) as the last in the line of legendary Kings of the Britons. His standard, the red dragon, was later adopted by Henry VII of England, founder of the Tudor dynasty , who claimed descent from Cadwaladr.

The son of Cadwallon ap Cadfan, Cadwaladr was only a child when his father was killed by the army of Oswald of Bernicia at the Battle of Heavenfield, and Cadafael Cadomedd took over in Gwynedd. Raised abroad, either in Ireland, Brittany or in a neighboring Welsh kingdom, Cadwaladr eventually reclaimed his family's throne from Cadafael, and went on to challenge the West Saxons in Somerset in 658, unsuccessfully. Cadwaladr was arguably the last Welsh ruler to mount a serious counteroffensive against the Anglo-Saxon forces that had overrun Southern Britain since the fall of the Western Roman Empire. It may be for this reason that Geoffrey of Monmouth chose to end his narrative of British kings with Cadwaladr.

After these initial military escapades, Cadwaladr seemingly settled down and focused on the domestic situation, establishing several religious foundations in Gwynedd and gaining a reputation as a devout, pious leader; so much so that, after his death, the Welsh church came to regard him as a saint.

According to the Annales Cambriae, he died of plague in 682

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadwallader

Cadwallon ap Cadfan (c. 591–633/634), also known as Cadwallon II was the King of Gwynedd from around 625 until his death in battle in 633 or 634. The son and successor of Cadfan ap Iago, he is best remembered for devastating Northumbria and defeating and killing its king, Edwin, prior to his own death in battle against Oswald of Bernicia.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadwallon_ap_Cadfan

Cadwallader Foulke

Though born at Richland, Cadwallader Foulke spent twenty-five years of his mature life in Gwynedd, and died there. He was, besides his primary occupation of farmer, a surveyor and conveyancer, and in the pursuance of these occupations he went in all directions into the neighboring and even distant townships of the county for many years. Few men of business were better known in this section, and few had so high a reputation for exactness, intelligence, and a good judgement within the line of his undertakings. His surveys were carefully made; and his drafts, many of which are still in existence, are found to be valuable whenever consulted. He was the son of Samuel and Ann Foulke, and was born 7th mo. 14, 1765. He died 3rd mo. 22, 1830. He was apprenticed in his youth to Edward Ambler, of Montgomery, to learn weaving, and in 1792 he married his first cousin, Margaret Foulke, daughter of Theophilus. As such a marriage was against the rule of Friends, it was not accomplished "according to the order of the Society;" but in the presence of his cousin Theophilus Foulke, a justice of the peace, and subsequently Richland Meeting had the case up as a matter of discipline for some time. Cadwallader, however, continued a Friend, and he was a valuable member at Gwynedd. At his death he left to his son Franklin Foulke's charge a large collection of business papers, including his own accumulations, and many from the estate of 'Squire John Roberts and others, and these, which ultimately came into the hands of Algernon S. Jenkins (one of the executors of Franklin Foulke), have been of much use in compiling the facts stated in this volume.

http://www.gwyneddfriends.org/jenkinschapter27.htm#cadwalladerfoulke

Cadwallader FOULKE(3) was born on 13 Jul 1691 in Wales.(4) He died on 17 Jul 1743. Emigrated with his parents from Wales to Gwynedd, PA, 1698.

http://www.bluewaterarts.com/family/foulkede/d500.htm

Cadfael Cadomedd, King of Gwynedd
(c.633-664)
(Latin: Catuvelladurus; English: Cadwallader)
King Cadfael the Battle-Shirker seized the Gwynedd throne upon the death of the mighty King Cadwallon in AD 634. His origins are unknown, though his father's name was Cynfeddw. Civil War followed his crowning, as his predecessor's baby son and his supporters fled the kingdom, probably to Brittany. Cadfael appears to have helped Cadwallon's old ally, King Penda of Mercia, carry on the fight against the Northumbrians. His men fought bravely during King Oswald's final defeat at the Battle of Maes Cogwy (Oswestry), in AD 642; and, again, were present at the Battle of Gai Campus (Winwaed) against King Oswiu in AD 655. Although, at the latter, they withdrew in the night before the fighting commenced and thus swayed the odds in Northumbria's favour. His reign was remembered for both famine and plague, and he probably died of the latter in AD 664.

http://www.earlybritishkingdoms.com/bios/cadfacgd.html

Cadwallon Lawhir ap Einion
Cadwallon ap Einion (c.460-534; reigned from c.500), also known as Cadwallon Lawhir ('Long Hand'), was a king of Gwynedd.
According to tradition, Cadwallon ruled during, or shortly after, the Battle of Mons Badonicus, and King Arthur's victory over the Saxons (depending on which date you believe, said battle accorded either sometime between the early 490s and the mid 510s). Although it is unlikely that Cadwallon himself was present at the event, he would likely have benefitted from the period of relative peace and prosperity throughout Britain that it augured. The most momentous military achievement of Cadwallon's reign was the final expulsion of Irish settlers on Ynys Mon (Anglesey), and the absorption of that island, which would later become the cultural and political base of the kingdom, into Gwynedd.

Cadwallon's second name, Lawhir, referred to an actual physical characteristic of the man: he apparently had unusually long arms. Iolo Goch claims that he could "reach a stone from the ground to kill a raven, without bending his back, because his arm was as long as his side to the ground."

According to Gildas, Cadwallon's son, Maelgwn, murdered his uncle to ascend to the throne, which suggests that someone other than Maelgwn himself inherited the kingdom upon Cadwallon's death. No clear evidence exists as to who this "lost king" might be (assuming, of course, that Gildas's account is reliable), but some have suggested the name of Owain Danwyn ('White-Tooth') as the unfortunate heir/victim.

http://www.reference.com/browse/wiki/Cadwallon_Lawhir_ap_Einion

Great Ness, the Shropshire fief conferred by Henry II on John le Strange, lies eight miles to the north-west of Shrewsbury, a little to the north of the road to Oswestry, which is overlooked by the red sandstone rocks of Ness cliff. The stronghold still exhibits considerable, but not very perfect remains of ancient earthworks, which, owing to their being overgrown with underwood, are not very easy to trace. It occupies the highest part of a short rocky range, 500 feet above sea-level, and 200 to 250 feet above the surrounding country, except on the north-east, where the high land continues. The entrenchments appear to have consisted of one ditch and two ramparts, cutting off the extreme north-west corner to the edge of the hill, and there are remains of outer entrenchments on the south-east, but no trace exists of the defences, which must have once enclosed the northern side.[26] The position thus commands the direct road from Shrewsbury to North Wales, while it lies only two miles above Shrawardine, an important ford on the Severn, where a castle of the fitz Alans had been built to check forays from the direction of mid-Wales. The fief had originally been given by Henry to Cadwallader, brother of Owen Gwynedd, Prince of North Wales from 1137 to 1169. Cadwallader, who was married to a sister of Gilbert, Earl of Clare, having quarrelled with his brother and been deprived of his lands in Wales, had taken refuge in England; the King made use of him when he invaded Wales, and the Shropshire Pipe Rolls show that in 1156 and 1157 the Welsh prince enjoyed possession of the manor of Ness. The campaign ended in a pacification with Owen Gwynedd, who restored his brother again to favour and the possession of his lands in Wales; there was, consequently, no longer any necessity for Cadwallader to accept the bounty of the English king, who resumed possession of Ness, and in the Pipe Roll for 1158 Cadwallader’s name disappears, and in place thereof we have the following entry: ‘Johanni Extraneo vij li. xs prestito Regis per breve Regis.’

[here we have a story linking Prince Cadwallader of Wales with the FizAlan's of Shropshire!]

http://www.asiawrite.co.nz/lestrange/library/records/chap02.html

[Cadwallader Newsletter & Links]

http://www.geocities.com/heartland/grove/8296/newsletter4.html

Deaths
FAULKE, Cadwallader, Surveyer and scrivenor, Gwynedd, 65
http://ftp.rootsweb.com/pub/usgenweb/pa/montgomery/newspapers/baurfd01.txt

Just a few leads out of many. Come on everybody who has an interest in the family name!

Do some serious sifting through the web there must be something really useful to us inside this mass of information.

Tom